Protein purification is the process of isolating a specific protein from a complex mixture of proteins in biological samples, such as cells, tissues, or culture media. This technique is essential for studying the structure, function, and interactions of proteins in various biological processes. Protein purification involves several steps, including cell lysis, protein extraction, separation, and purification using various techniques such as chromatography, electrophoresis, and precipitation. The purified protein can then be analyzed, characterized, and used for various applications, such as biophysical studies, biochemical assays, and therapeutic drug development.